Galaxies and Cosmology: Active Galactic Nuclei

History: 1908: E. Fath , 1918: H. Curtis , 1943: C. Seyfert , 1954: W. Baade and R. Minkowski , 1959: L. Woltjer , 1963: M. Schmidt
The Zoo: Seyfert Galaxies , Seyfert 2
Radio loud objects: FR 1 , FR 2
Unification: Unification
Seyfert Galaxies: X-Ray Spectra , Comptonization , Seyfert X-Ray Spectra , Variability , Relativistic Lines and BH Paradigm , ASCA: MCG$-$6-30-15 , XMM: MCG$-$6-30-15 , Other Sources
Debated Cases: Absorption or Lines?
Narrow Lines: Narrow Lines
Radio-Loud AGN: Classification , Flat-Spectrum Radio Sources: Blazars , Example: Cygnus\tmspace +\thinmuskip {.1667em}A , Apparent Superluminal Motion , Relativistic Boosting , Jet One-Sidedness , Kinematics of Relativistic Jets , High Energy Radiation from Jets , Prototypical Example: 3C 273 , Broadband Emission Models , Prototypical Example: 3C 273 (continued), The Blazar Sequence , Blazars at $\gamma $-Ray Energies , Blazars at Very High Energies

















	$Radio-Loud AGN: Example: Cygnus\tmspace +\thinmuskip {.1667em}A$








		$Radio-Loud AGN: Blazars at $\gamma $-Ray Energies$	$Radio-Loud AGN: Blazars at $\gamma $-Ray Energies$
$Radio-Loud AGN: Blazars at $\gamma $-Ray Energies$	$Radio-Loud AGN: Blazars at $\gamma $-Ray Energies$	$Radio-Loud AGN: Blazars at $\gamma $-Ray Energies$	$Radio-Loud AGN: Blazars at $\gamma $-Ray Energies$
$Radio-Loud AGN: Blazars at $\gamma $-Ray Energies$	$Radio-Loud AGN: Blazars at $\gamma $-Ray Energies$	$Radio-Loud AGN: Blazars at $\gamma $-Ray Energies$	$Radio-Loud AGN: Blazars at $\gamma $-Ray Energies$
$Radio-Loud AGN: Blazars at $\gamma $-Ray Energies$	$Radio-Loud AGN: Blazars at $\gamma $-Ray Energies$	$Radio-Loud AGN: Blazars at $\gamma $-Ray Energies$	$Radio-Loud AGN: Blazars at $\gamma $-Ray Energies$